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Compare Christmas Island (2004) - Saint Helena (2005)
Compare Christmas Island (2004) z Saint Helena (2005)
| Christmas Island (2004) | Saint Helena (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
0-14 years: 18.8% (male 715/female 691)
15-64 years: 71.3% (male 2,745/female 2,575) 65 years and over: 9.8% (male 330/female 404) (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha) |
| Airports | 1 (2003 est.) | 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 410 sq km
land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands |
| Area - comparative | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 12.33 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
revenues: $11.2 million
expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93) |
| Capital | The Settlement | Jamestown |
| Climate | tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season December to April | Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena) |
| Coastline | 80 km | 60 km |
| Constitution | NA | 1 January 1989 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Helena |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | - |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Debt - external | NA | NA (1996) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | NA | $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in mid-2004 | The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 4.65 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 5 million kWh (2002) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173(2000), 1.5497 (1999) | Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000)
note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch |
| Exports | NA | NA |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | Tanzania 30.3%, US 23.8%, Japan 10.4%, UK 7.1%, Spain 6.3% (2004) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - NA | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - NA | purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 15 56 S, 5 42 W |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns |
| Highways | total: 240 km
paved: 30 km unpaved: 210 km (2000) |
total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km)
paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | NA | NA |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | UK 35.7%, US 17.6%, South Africa 17.5%, Tanzania 10.4%, Australia 5.5%, Spain 4.1% (2004) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | NA |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
total: 19 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 22.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA | 3.2% (1997 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | ICFTU, UPU |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court |
| Labor force | NA | 3,500
note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | NA | agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (2001) |
arable land: 12.9%
permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official), Chinese, Malay | English |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | NA |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
total population: 77.76 years
male: 74.86 years female: 80.81 years (2005 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: age 20 and over can read and write
total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Africa |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| National holiday | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) | Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) |
| Nationality | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
noun: Saint Helenian(s)
adjective: Saint Helenian |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha |
| Natural resources | phosphate, beaches | fish |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| People - note | The Australian Bureau of Statistics reports a population of 1508 as of the 2001 Census | - |
| Political parties and leaders | none | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 396 (July 2004 est.) | 7,460 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA |
| Population growth rate | -9% (2004 est.) | 0.59% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Religions | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) | Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | NA (2004 est.) | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | NA years of age |
| Telephone system | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: country code - 61-891; satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
general assessment: can communicate worldwide
domestic: automatic network international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 2,200 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 0 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 0
note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) | 1.54 children born/woman (2005 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA | 14% (1998 est.) |
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